Science - Light, Reflection, Refraction

For today's session, we will be doing an experiment involving light, refraction, and reflection. 

When light travels through air and passes into a glass block it slows done and bends inwards towards normal. 

When light travels through a glass block exits that block and enters air it speeds up and bends outwards from normal. 

Our aim is to investigate how light is affected by changing the substance it is traveling through.

The equipment you will need is:

• Ray box
• Power source
• glass or perspex block
• single slit ray slide

Method:

Collect the equipment from your teacher, and set them up to produce a single beam of light.

Place the glass block in the shaded area.

Place the ray box at the top of the page and shine the beam so it travels along the 10 degrees line to the center of the protractor (this would be the angle of incidence).

Read the angle the light leaves the glass block at (this is your angle of refraction)

Continue the investigation so you can complete the table.

You will need a photo like this:

This photo is to show what angle our light would be going in.

Here are the results for Part A:

Angle of incidence	Angle of refraction
10 degrees	7 degrees
20 degrees	15 degrees
30 degrees	20 degrees
40 degrees	25 degrees

Here are the results for Part B:

Angle of incidence	Angle of refraction
10 degrees	8 degrees
20 degrees	12 degrees
30 degrees	20 degrees
40 degrees	25 degrees

Refraction through lenses:

Our aim in this experiment is t investigate how different types of lenses refract light (Concave and Convex lenses).

Equipment:

• The single or triple slit ray slide
• Lightbox
• Power source
• Concave and Convex lens

Method:

• Set up a lightbox single or tripe slit ray slide and your power source.
• Place the convex lens in the space below. Place the lightbox at the top of the page and shine the single or triple light ray directly at the lens. Make sure the central light rays hit the lens at 90 degrees as indicated in the diagram.
• Carefully trace the direction of the incoming and refracting rays.
• Repeat using the concave lens.

You will need a photo or diagram like this:

Conclusion:

When light passes through a convex lens, the rays all move away (diverge) from each other. One use of this kind of lens is a peephole is a door or the fisheye lens.

When light passes through a concave lens, the rays all move outward (converge) to each other. One use of this lens is in a camera to focus the light onto the film or digital sensor. Also a magnifying glass.  

Heroes and Villains - Social studies - Poster

Heroes and Villains - Social studies - Facts photos

Heroes and Villains - Social Studies - Timeline

Types of government - Power to the people

My group and I had just finished our presentation, which was about the types of government. We also need to look at the political systems, the people in my group were Skyler Shiela. We needed to research each type of government, the definition, how it works, and it's pros and cons.

We started off with writing it on a document, as a draft so it would be easier for us to write it on our actual presentation. After we did that we transferred all of them onto our slide presentation. Next, we needed to find five countries that were each run by every political system. For example, Dictatorship - Australia, China, Russia, Korea, Spain. We put that all onto a map and colored the places which we need to. 

We then needed to find a leader from every type of government and write about what type of leader they were. Also how they led there country, some of them were very well known leaders you might have known of.

Please give us feedback on how we did my commenting, it would be appreciated😃

Creative Manufacturing - ID Tag

Today is the last day of making our ID Tag. I've rubbed mine with sandpaper to make the surface and edges smoother. In our lesson for today, I have to polish my aluminum and stamp my initials to it. 

I have a lot of scratches on my aluminum so I really had to polish it really thoroughly.

Here is a  photo of how we polished our ID Tag and the finishing product:

Before shot:                                       

After shot:

                    

The first thing we needed to do was to get aluminum, we had a long strip so we needed to measure it to make sure the width and length were right. The width needed to be 20 cm and the length needed to be 45 cm. We measured this using a metal ruler. Since we needed to cut it we needed to make it one or two cm bigger than 45. Because when you cut the metal it is not going to be perfect unless you are a professional. So using a scriber I engraved a small line on the sides. Then using a engineers square I lined it up to the lines and engraved a line. The engineers square is there to make the line straight. After that, we needed to cut the metal, then we need to file it down to the 45 cm line. 

We then used spring dividers to make the curves on the ends, the way we did this was by measuring where the center of the I.D tag was. Then put one of the legs of the spring divider on the center point. After that lengthen the space between the legs to your choice. Then kind of scrape it to make the curved lines do this on both sides. Now you need to file it down to those lines, this part is optional. But for me, I had sandpapered it and one of the mistakes I had made was the I also sandpapered the faces. Which cause scratches which didn't make it look appealing anymore. 

I then needed to bluff my work, but before that, we had to drill a hole into the top of our I.D tag. Now using another type of drill we created kind of bowl shape over the hole. Which gave it some style. Now talking about the bluffing,  since it would be too hot for us to hold it by hand when bluffing. We need to hold the I.D tag using pliers, even if I could withstand the heat, like by using gloves. I would still use pliers because the bluffer spins so fast and it's scary. After that, you need to stamp maybe initials or a name. Using metal stamps and a hammer, you put the stamp over the I.D tag with the letter facing the right way. Then in one strong go, hit the stamp with your hammer if you hit the stamp more than once. It might make it look like two letters over each other. Which doesn't really look nice, another tip is to make you bluff before you stamp in my personal experience. 

I enjoyed this project and thought it was really nice, plans did change throughout the working of this. Because I was going to give it to my dog but we ended up needing to sell him. So now I gave it to my mum, probably the hardest to do overall. Was get the right measurements and then needing to polish. I get that because I am not professional, but this was an interesting experience. 

Equipment

Aluminium 

Engineer Square

Ruler 

Bench Vice 

Soft Jaws (for the bench vice)

Spring Dividers

Engineers Blue

Centre Punch

Hammer

Scriber 

Hawk saw

File

Sandpaper

Digital Metric Gauge

Bluffing machine

Pliers

Face shields

C.A.R.R blogpost

Hello fellow people!

Well, you know what I'm going to write, my weekly CARR blog post. Please give me feedback on my work so I can improve on what I'm lacking in.

Commitment - This week I showed commitment by committing to my badminton. I was striving to get the first place so I guess you could say I had my game face on. But I mean my partner and I had a great time, we lost to rounds. But at least we tried and we came second in our court, we came second last week. So that's what made me want to come 1st place this week. So I will commit to my badminton again next week.

Achievement - I achieved making my sister happy I guess because she was sad when she came home. Since she had homework, and it was a bit hard for her so I decided to be a good big sister. By helping her with it, I got a bit carried away so I started to do it. So when I realized I told her to add another paragraph and I would just help her with ideas and grammar. I checked it after she wrote the paragraph. She really liked the paragraph I wrote so she got a lot of ideas to add on. So now even though she has enough she wants to write more with my help. 

Resilience - I kept resilient with my social studies work because we had a lot of research we needed to do. It was about types of governments and other things, I will probably be posting a blog post about that.

Respect - I showed respect to my friend because it was her birthday (which is actually today). So I went to the mall and brought her tons of things she wanted but she didn't get it. I also got her some of her favorite things. I got her a 20$ Apple gift card, packet of ready salted chips, a phone case, scrunchies, a notebook, stickers, candy, and a face mask. She loved them, which really made me happy so that's how I showed respect this week.

Marshmallow catapults

Marshmallow catapults

Hypothesis:

Equipment:

1. 1 clean cup
2. 1 balloon
3. 1 pair of scissors
4. 1 marshmallow

Method:

1. Cut the bottom off the cup with the scissors.
2. Cut the balloon half way along the neck.
3. Stretch the balloon over the bottom of the cup. You may find this a bit tricky to start with, but after making a few it becomes easy.
4. Pop your marshmallow into the cup.
5. Fire the missile by pulling the knotted neck of the balloon back and letting it go. You will be surprised at how far it can travel2
6. The open end will fold together when you stretch the balloon, but this will not stop the missile from firing.

Results (Describe what you saw, take a pic/video):

Discussion (What were the energy changes happening, explain what you saw): This activity includes both Kinetic and Elastic energy. The reason for this is because when you are going to shoot the marshmallow out of the shooter. You need to pull the balloon. This would be the elastic energy and then when you let go the marshmallow will fly out this would be the kinetic energy. This phase is called energy transformation.

Conclusion (Was your hypothesis correct, did the experiment work?): Regarding the marshmallow flying out it worked but it wasn’t as strong. The shooter itself was just a little bit hard to work out but worked. The reason for this is because we didn’t have tape to secure the balloon on the cup. Although we tried to hold on the balloon it kept slipping off. My overall opinion is that it did work which was good but it could have been better if we taped on the balloon.
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